ABSTRACT
This article presents a quantitative analysis with a gender perspective of the informative pieces related to health in Basque newspapers. The main objective is to analyze the representativeness and visibility of women during states of alarm in the four mainstream newspapers with the largest circulation in the Basque Country. The results show that, in general, the presence of men is greater than that of women. There is a gender gap in favor of men in the use of information sources and when choosing the protagonists of articles. However, there is also fair data regarding the authorship of the informative pieces and photographs. (English) [ FROM AUTHOR] Este artículo presenta un análisis cuantitativo con perspectiva de género de las piezas informativas relacionadas con la salud en los diarios vascos. El objetivo principal es analizar la representatividad y la visibilidad de las mujeres durante los estados de alarma con motivo del COVID-19 en los cuatro periódicos generalistas de mayor tirada de Euskadi. Los resultados muestran que, en general, la presencia de los hombres es mayor que la de las mujeres. Existe una brecha de género a favor de los hombres en el uso de las fuentes informativas y a la hora de elegir a los protagonistas de los artículos. Sin embargo, hay datos equitativos en cuanto a la autoría de las piezas informativas y las fotografías. (Spanish) [ FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of Zer: Journal of Communication Studies / Revista de Estudios de Comunicacion / Komunikazio Ikasketen Aldizkaria is the property of Universidad del Pais Vasco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full . (Copyright applies to all s.)
ABSTRACT
Resumen El objetivo de este trabajo fue indagar el impacto de la pandemia de la covid-19 en el acceso de personas trans a tratamientos hormonales en los servicios de salud pública de la provincia de Córdoba, Argentina. En los meses de junio/julio de 2020, se realizaron 16 entrevistas telefónicas a personas trans en proceso de hormonización y usuarias de servicios públicos de salud, a profesionales sanitarios de dispositivos específicos de atención a personas trans, integrantes de organizaciones sociales y de gestión. Se aplicó un análisis temático que identificó tres temas y subtemas: 1) Estar a la deriva en relación al tratamiento hormonal: Reestructuración de servicios de salud; Sentimientos de incertidumbre; 2) Lo necesito, el cuerpo lo pide: suministro de hormonas: Significados en torno al tratamiento; Estrategias y resistencias; 3) Oportunidad de visibilizar fallas estructurales: las hormonas como la punta del iceberg: Déficit en las políticas públicas: en pandemia desde hace muchos años; Exclusiones del CIStema de salud. Se concluyó que la pandemia acarreó un grave retroceso para los derechos de las personas trans. Sin embargo, se identificaron estrategias claves de acceso, vinculadas principalmente a las organizaciones y activistas trans y travestis.
Abstract The purpose of this research was to study the impact of covid-19 pandemic on transgender people's access to healthcare and hormone gender-affirming treatments in public healthcare services of the province of Córdoba, Argentina. Between June/July-2020, sixteen telephone interviews were conducted with people in gender-affirming hormone treatments in public healthcare services, professionals, members of social organizations and management. A thematic analysis was carried out, identifiying three themes and sub-themes: 1) Being adrift in relation to hormonal treatment: Restructuring of healthcare services; Feelings of uncertainty. 2) I need it, the body asks for it: supply of hormones: Meanings around treatment; Strategies and resistance. 3) Opportunity to make visible structural failures: hormones as the tip of the iceberg: Deficit in public policies: in a pandemic for many years; Exclusions from the CISHealthcare System. We conclude that the pandemic implied a serious setback for transgender people's rights. However, strategies were identified, mainly linked to transgender organizations and activists, which were key to access.
ABSTRACT
Resumen En este artículo proponemos visibilizar las estrategias de vinculación comunitaria de trabajadores/as de salud pública relativas a la producción del cuidado en el contexto crítico de la pandemia de la covid-19, signado por la profundización de la pobreza, la restricción de los servicios de salud y las tensiones del sistema sanitario en Argentina. Con un diseño metodológico cualitativo y enfoque etnográfico, entrevistamos a trabajadoras/es de distintas disciplinas, ocupaciones y géneros que se desempeñan en centros de salud y hospitales públicos en Mar del Plata y zonas rurales circundantes, entre los meses de marzo y diciembre de 2021. A partir de sus narrativas, analizamos las dimensiones de acceso a la alimentación, medicación y terapias holísticas, las dificultades encontradas y su contribución a la producción social del cuidado en salud. Concluimos que las estrategias generadas conllevan el potencial instituyente para la reorientación de los servicios públicos de salud de acuerdo con los desafíos del derecho a la salud desde la perspectiva de género y derechos en el tránsito a la postpandemia.
Abstract In this article we propose to make visible the strategies of community engagement of public health workers related to the production of care in the critical context of the covid-19 pandemic, marked by the deepening of poverty, the restriction of health services and the tensions of the health system in Argentina. With a qualitative methodological design and ethnographic approach, we interviewed workers from different disciplines, occupations and genders, who work in health centers and public hospitals in Mar del Plata and surrounding rural areas, between the months of March and December 2021. Based on their narratives, we analyze the dimensions of access to food, medication and holistic therapies, the difficulties encountered and their contribution to the social production of health care. We conclude that the strategies generated carry the instituting potential for the reorientation of public health services in accordance with the challenges of the right to health from the perspective of gender and rights in the transition to the post-pandemic.
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ABSTRACT Objective: to discuss the process of allowing blood donation by the LGBTQIAP+ community by the Federal Supreme Court in contrast to the Legislation of the Regulatory Agency for Blood and Blood Components. Method: this is a reflective study, considering the principles and concepts of Pierre Bourdieu's symbolic capital as a theoretical-methodological framework. Analysis was carried out in documents that dealt with the permission of blood donation by gay and bisexual men, such as bills, FSC decisions and media materials relevant to the proposed theme. Results: we argue that two historical events were decisive for the vote on the act of unconstitutionality by the Federal Supreme Court: the mobilization of lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender social movements and the coronavirus pandemic. Conclusion: validation of the right to blood donation contributes to the exercise of citizenship of lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender people.
RESUMEN Objetivo: discutir el proceso de autorización de la donación de sangre por parte de la comunidad LGBTQIAP+ por parte del Supremo Tribunal Federal en contraste con la Legislación de la Agencia Reguladora de Sangre y Hemoderivados. Método: estudio reflexivo, considerando los principios y conceptos del capital simbólico de Pierre Bourdieu como marco teórico-metodológico. El análisis se llevó a cabo en los documentos que trataban sobre el permiso de donación de sangre por parte de hombres homosexuales y bisexuales, como proyectos de ley, decisiones del STF y materiales de prensa relevantes para el tema propuesto. Resultados: argumentamos que dos hechos históricos fueron decisivos para la votación del acto de inconstitucionalidad por parte del Supremo Tribunal Federal: la movilización de los movimientos sociales de lesbianas, gays, bisexuales y transexuales y la pandemia del coronavirus. Conclusión: la validación del derecho a la donación de sangre contribuye al ejercicio de la ciudadanía de las personas lesbianas, gays, bisexuales y transgénero.
RESUMO Objetivo: discutir o processo de permissão da doação de sangue pela comunidade LGBTQIAP+ pelo Supremo Tribunal Federal em contraponto à Legislação da Agência Reguladora de Sangue e Hemoderivados. Método: estudo do tipo reflexivo, considerando os princípios e conceitos do capital simbólico de Pierre Bourdieu como referencial teórico-metodológico. A análise foi realizada nos documentos que tratavam da permissão da doação de sangue por homens gays e bissexuais tais como: projetos de lei, decisões do STF e materiais de mídias pertinentes ao tema proposto. Resultados: argumentamos que dois eventos históricos foram decisivos para a votação do ato de inconstitucionalidade pelo Supremo Tribunal Federal: a mobilização dos movimentos sociais de Lésbicas, Gays, Bissexuais e Transgênero e a Pandemia de Coronavírus. Conclusão: a validação do direito à doação de sangue contribui para o exercício da cidadania das pessoas Lésbicas, Gays, Bissexuais e Transgênero.
ABSTRACT
The pandemic tested the resilience of public systems, as governments faced the challenge of rapidly adapting their policies and practices. In this context, Argentina was recognized as one of the few countries that managed to mainstream a gender perspective to reach the most vulnerable populations, showing adaptive capacities and strategic orientation. This article seeks to document, systematize, and rethink the strategies deployed by the Argentine government in terms of mission-oriented innovation policies. The objective is to understand which capabilities are key to address complex social issues in the Global South and how they can be nurtured. Through a theoretical framework that articulates the literature on "dynamic public sector capacities” and "state capacities” in Latin America and the application of a qualitative methodology (case study), we find that state capacities were strengthened by reconfiguring pre-existing resources based on a government project, collective leadership, and a series of institutional and political innovations in the context of the rise of regional feminisms. This experience, which has earned Argentina global recognition, offers important lessons for addressing social challenges through innovation policies, the institutionalization of popular movement demands, and collaborations for resilient systems. (English) [ FROM AUTHOR] La pandemia puso a prueba la resiliencia de los sistemas públicos, pues los Gobiernos enfrentaron el desafío de adaptar rápidamente sus políticas y prácticas. En ese contexto, Argentina fue reconocida como uno de los pocos países que logró transversalizar la perspectiva de género para alcanzar a las poblaciones más vulnerables, mostrando capacidades de adaptación y orientación estratégica. En este artículo se busca captar, sistematizar y repensar –en el contexto de las políticas de innovación orientadas por misiones– las estrategias desplegadas por el Gobierno argentino. El objetivo es comprender qué capacidades resultan claves para el abordaje de problemáticas sociales complejas en el Sur Global y cómo estas pueden nutrirse. A través de un marco teórico que articula la literatura sobre "capacidades dinámicas del sector público” y "capacidades estatales” en América Latina, y la aplicación de una metodología cualitativa (estudio de caso), encontramos que las capacidades estatales se fortalecieron reconfigurando recursos preexistentes a partir de un proyecto de gobierno, liderazgos colectivos, y una serie de innovaciones institucionales y políticas en el contexto del auge de los feminismos regionales. Esta experiencia, que le ha valido a Argentina el reconocimiento mundial, ofrece importantes lecciones para abordar los retos sociales mediante políticas de innovación, la institucionalización de las demandas de los movimientos populares y las colaboraciones para lograr sistemas resilientes. (Spanish) [ FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of Íconos. Revista de Ciencias Sociales is the property of FLACSO Ecuador (Facultad Latinoamericana de Ciencias Sociales) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full . (Copyright applies to all s.)
ABSTRACT
Although research on mental health increased during the COVID-19 pandemic, less evidence exists on teachers, women, and caregivers, in spite of their higher vulnerability. The objective of this study is to examine the differences in terms of gender and caregivers' roles in the mental health of Chilean teachers following five months of closed schools. To reach this goal, an online questionnaire was employed from July 9 to August 6, 2020;Goldberg's 12-item General Health Questionnaire was included. The results show that 43.6% of the respondents obtained more than seven points, with a higher number among women and caregivers. One of the causes provided in the conclusions points to teachers' resources for addressing demands. The recommendation is that preventive actions, treatment, and palliative efforts should view mental health as a problem that unequally affects teachers who are caregivers and female. (English) [ FROM AUTHOR] Aunque ha aumentado la investigación sobre la salud mental durante la pandemia de COVID-19, hay menos evidencia sobre docentes, mujeres y personas cuidadoras, a pesar de su mayor vulnerabilidad. El objetivo de esta investigación fue examinar las diferencias en torno al sexo y el rol de cuidador(a) en la salud mental de las y los docentes chilenos después de cinco meses de cierre de las escuelas. Para este fin, se aplicó un cuestionario en línea entre el 9 de julio y el 6 de agosto de 2020, que incluyó el Cuestionario de Salud General de Goldberg de 12 ítems. Los resultados muestran que el 43.6% obtuvo más de 7 puntos y el valor subió en mujeres y cuidadoras(es). En las conclusiones, junto a las causas, se indican los recursos que tienen las y los docentes para enfrentar las demandas. Se recomienda que las acciones preventivas, de tratamiento y paliativas visualicen la salud mental como un problema que afecta desigualmente a docentes mujeres y cuidadoras(es). (Spanish) [ FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of Revista Mexicana de Investigación Educativa is the property of Consejo Mexicano de Investigacion Educativa and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full . (Copyright applies to all s.)
ABSTRACT
Teleworking is booming since the outbreak of the pandemic. This way of organizing work has advantages but also risks, among which is the blurring of the boundaries between personal and professional life, which can be a source of conflicts. In this study, the conflict between family life and work (in both directions) is analysed for a sample of teleworkers taken from a study carried out by Spain's Centre for Sociological Research in October 2020. Three main phenomena are analysed: First, the characteristics of teleworkers who experience conflict more frequently;second, the impact of conflict on the preference for future telework;third, the relationship of telework with intra-couple conflict. It is found that work-family conflict, in all its forms, is a highly feminized phenomenon. (English) [ FROM AUTHOR] El teletrabajo está en auge desde el estallido de la pandemia. Se trata de una forma de organizar el trabajo que presenta ventajas, pero también algunos riesgos, como la difuminación de las fronteras entre la vida personal y la profesional, que puede ser fuente de conflictos. Este estudio analiza el conflicto entre la vida familiar y el trabajo (en ambas direcciones) para una muestra de personas teletrabajadoras extraída de un estudio del CIS realizado en octubre de 2020. Se analizan tres fenómenos principales: las características de las personas que experimentan el conflicto con mayor frecuencia, la influencia del conflicto en la preferencia por el teletrabajo y la relación del teletrabajo con el conflicto intrapareja. Se confirma que el conflicto trabajo-familia, en todas sus formas, es un fenómeno altamente feminizado. (Spanish) [ FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of Revista Española de Investigaciones Sociologicas is the property of Centro de Investigaciones Sociologicas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full . (Copyright applies to all s.)
ABSTRACT
This forum examines whether scholars' access to networks in the international studies profession is gendered and if so, the consequences of those networks for personal and professional success. Academic networks that encompass both professional and personal connections have been proposed as one solution to chilly climate issues because they provide a dual function of enhancing scholarly productivity and inclusion in the profession. The articles in the forum consider both professional (e.g. citation) and personal (e.g. mentorship, friendship) networks, as well as traditional (e.g. invited talks) and nontraditional (e.g. social media) networks. The authors show that biases that arise through the gendered nature of academic networks can be mitigated through social media, mentoring, and friendship networks. However, we must also be cognizant of other factors that create barriers for women in the profession (e.g. university prestige, parenthood, COVID-19). [ FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of International Studies Perspectives is the property of Oxford University Press / USA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full . (Copyright applies to all s.)
ABSTRACT
El artículo indaga acerca de las prácticas familiares en el contexto de covid-19 en Argentina, analiza las estrategias para sostener las prácticas profesionales y el trabajo de cuidados desde el relato de docentes argentinas. Metodológicamente se realizaron entrevistas en profundidad a mujeres de diferente condición civil, con hijos o hijas menores de 12 años, durante el período de pandemia que inició en marzo de 2020 con el Aislamiento Social, Preventivo y Obligatorio (aspo), hasta diciembre 2021 donde aún rige el Distanciamiento Social, Preventivo y Obligatorio (dispo). Entre los hallazgos puede mencionarse que la experiencia iniciada en el contexto por covid-19 supuso transformaciones en las relaciones laborales y en los procesos de cuidado, lo que produjo disrupciones y cambios en las prácticas familiares, donde persisten desigualdades de género, limitaciones para el desarrollo laboral, imperativos, preocupaciones y malestares con impacto diferencial en las mujeres. El artículo aporta a considerar el trabajo sostenido por docentes-madres como una actividad que, pese a no haber sido considerada esencial, no admitió discontinuidades y ello tuvo consecuencias en los arreglos familiares. Analizamos de este modo la estructura sexual y generizada de los cuidados, la cual se ha visto intensificada en momentos de pandemia, aunque no ha implicado mayores márgenes de reconocimiento.
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El propósito del presente trabajo es analizar el impacto de la pandemia del covid-19 en el sector del empleo doméstico remunerado en Argentina. En términos metodológicos recurrimos a la triangulación de datos de carácter cuantitativo y cualitativo: por un lado, desarrollamos una encuesta virtual, y por otro, realizamos entrevistas en línea a mujeres que trabajan en casas particulares. Podemos afirmar que el contexto de pandemia empeoró los procesos de precarización estructural propios de este sector. Asimismo, el discurso de la pandemia constituido a partir de los significantes de la masculinidad profundizó los procesos de desvalorización social de la actividad, al contrastar con los significantes "naturalmente” femeninos asociados al trabajo doméstico.
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Resumen En el 2018, se publicó, en el Diario Oficial de la Federación, la Norma 035 que evalúa los factores de riesgo psicosocial (FRP) en los trabajadores mexicanos para promover su bienestar laboral. En 2020, en México, el COVID-19 cambió el estilo de trabajo de universidades y empresas, por lo que su análisis es interesante. El objetivo de este estudio fue comparar los FRP en trabajadores de la Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, en dos condiciones: oficina y teletrabajo, e identificar la relación entre el género y la modalidad laboral con el riesgo psicosocial. Para ello, el instrumento se aplicó a través de dos modalidades, en entorno de oficina, en noviembre 2019, previo a la pandemia COVID-19, y en trabajo a distancia, en junio 2020, a inicio del distanciamiento social. Los resultados reflejaron que desempeñar tareas en el entorno de oficina provocó un riesgo psicosocial general alto, mientras que en teletrabajo un riesgo general medio, de acuerdo con la NOM-035. Sin embargo, el análisis estadístico no mostró una diferencia significativa (P < 0.05) de riesgo general entre ambos ambientes laborales, ni en la comparativa del riesgo entre géneros. No obstante, en el análisis de las categorías y dominios que integran el riesgo psicosocial, se encontró diferencia (P < 0.05) entre algunos de ellos. Los hombres presentaron mayor riesgo en oficina en la categoría de liderazgo y relaciones laborales, que disminuyó (P < 0.05) por efecto del teletrabajo. La presencia del riesgo psicosocial que reportaron algunos de los trabajadores en diferentes categorías y dominios, indica la necesidad de implementar políticas que reduzcan estos riesgos, considerando tanto la modalidad laboral como el género. Esto permitirá además de cumplir con la NOM-035, mejorar la calidad de vida laboral de los trabajadores.
Abstract In 2018, standard 035 (known in Spanish as NOM-035-STPS-2018) was published in the Official Gazette of the Federation. Such standard evaluates Psychosocial Risk Factors (PRF) in Mexican workers to promote their job well-being. In 2020, COVID-19 changed the work practices ofuniversities and companies in Mexico. Therefore, their analysis is timely and relevant. The objective of this study was to compare the PRFs among workers at the Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León in two conditions: pre-pandemic office and home office during social distancing due to COVID-19, and to identify the relationship between gender and modality with the psychosocial risk. Consequently, the instrument was administered through two modalities, one test was administered in the office environment in November 2019, prior to the COVID-19 pandemic, and the other in remote work in June 2020, at the beginning of social distancing. The results showed that performing tasks in the office environment generates a high general psychosocial risk, while home office is a medium general risk, according to NOM-035. However, the statistical analysis did not show a significant difference (P < 0.05) in general risk between both work contexts, nor in the comparison of risk between genders. Nonetheless, in the analysis of the categories and domains that make up psychosocial risk, a significant difference (P < 0.05) was found between some of them. Men presented a higher risk in the office in the category of leadership and job relations, which decreased (P < 0.05) due to the effect of home office. The presence of psycho-social risk reported by some of the workers in different categories and domains indicated the need to implement policies that reduce these risks, considering both work modality and gender. This will allow, in addition to complying with NOM-035, to improve the quality of the job well-being of workers.
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La irrupción de la pandemia de COVID-19 supuso, a nivel global, una incesante serie de medidas estatales orientadas a asegurar el confinamiento y el distanciamiento social, con el objeto de prevenir la propagación del SARS-CoV-2. Del análisis de diversas fuentes informativas se extrae como resultado que la emergencia sanitaria ha evidenciado, dentro de América Latina, un efecto negativo, consistente en un incremento exponencial de episodios de violencia de género. Ante este contexto, se plantea como problema la grave situación de vulnerabilidad intrafamiliar que atraviesan las mujeres durante los estados de excepción declarados por los Estados miembro de la Convención Americana sobre Derechos Humanos. Como respuesta a ello, se abordan e identifican los principales estándares de protección elaborados por el Sistema Interamericano de Derechos Humanos en la materia, con el objetivo de proponerlos, mediante fundamentos jurídicos, como una solución superadora, frente a aquella legislación nacional carente de perspectiva de género.Alternate :The outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic represented, at a global level, an incessant series of state measures aimed at ensuring confinement and social distancing, in order to prevent the spread of SARS-CoV-2. From the analysis of various information sources, the result is that the health emergency has shown, within Latin America, a negative effect, consisting of an exponential increase in episodes of gender violence. In this context, the serious situation of intra-family vulnerability that women go through during the states of exception declared by the member states of the American Convention on Human Rights arises as a problem. In response to this, the main protection standards elaborated by the Inter-American Human Rights System on the matter are addressed and identified, with the aim of proposing them, through legal bases, as an overcoming solution, in the face of national legislation lacking the perspective of gender.Alternate :A eclosão da pandemia de COVID-19, significou, a nível global, uma série incessante de medidas estatais destinadas a garantir o confinamento e distanciamento social, a fim de evitar a propagação do SARS-CoV-2. De análise de diversas fontes de informação, extrai-se como resultado que a emergência saúde tem mostrado, na América Latina, um efeito negativo, consistindo em um aumento exponencial de episódios de violência de gênero. Diante desse contexto, coloca como problema a grave situação de vulnerabilidade intrafamiliar vivida por mulheres durante os estados de emergência declarados pelos Estados-Membros da Convenção Americana sobre Direitos Humanos. Em resposta a isso, eles abordam e identificar os principais padrões de proteção desenvolvidos pelo Sistema Corte Interamericana de Direitos Humanos na matéria, com o objetivo de propô-los, por meio de fundamentos legais, como solução de superação, legislação nacional sem uma perspectiva de gênero.
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This paper describes the means of health care used in a primary health care centre (PHCC) in a rural area to care for patients during the COVID-19 pandemic. After conducting a cross-sectional study using health questionnaire with 243 patients (100 COVID-19 and 143 other pathologies), we observed that general medical care was 100% by telephone, and little use was made of the portal for citizen information and appointment requests of the Conselleria de Sanitat de la Comunidad Valenciana. Nursing attended 100% by telephone, as did the PHCC doctors and the PHCC emergencies; in the case of taking samples, blood samples and wound care it was face-to-face (men 91%, women 88%), and at home (9% and 12%). In conclusion, different care patterns are observed according to the PHCC professionals, and the need to improve the online pathway with care management.
Subject(s)
COVID-19 , Pandemics , Male , Humans , Female , COVID-19/epidemiology , Critical Pathways , Cross-Sectional Studies , Health PersonnelABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To explore experiences related to health-oriented behaviours during lockdown in the Spanish resident population from a gender perspective. METHOD: Qualitative research with a critical and feminist approach. Twenty-nine semi-structured interviews (17 women and 12 men) were conducted between June and July 2020 via telephone with people who had previously answered an online survey. The interviews were transcribed and a thematic content analysis was carried out, differentiating between the experiences of women and men. The data were triangulated by the research team. RESULTS: Among women, greater diversity emerged in terms of health behaviours. Among them, the difficult experiences related to COVID-19, the complexity of living together and doing unpaid care work, as well as the importance of support networks, stood out. Among men, there were different attitudes towards sport, self-care and having time for healthy eating were positively valued, and there was a good assessment of coexistence and organisation in household chores. In both men and women, work overload and economic problems were related to emotional distress and difficulties in carrying out healthy activities. CONCLUSIONS: Health-oriented behaviours during lockdown differed according to gender. They were mostly limited to COVID-19 experiences, socio-economic conditions and burden of care. It is essential to tailor public health and primary care programmes according to people's life moments, taking into account their social context and questioning traditional gender roles.
Subject(s)
COVID-19 , Health Behavior , Quarantine , Stress, Physiological , Humans , Male , Female , Spain/epidemiology , Quarantine/psychology , Quarantine/statistics & numerical data , Sex Factors , Qualitative Research , Telephone , Interviews as Topic , COVID-19/epidemiology , Diet, Healthy/psychology , Self Care/psychology , Sports/psychology , Workload/psychology , Financial Stress/psychology , Public Health , Psychosocial Support SystemsABSTRACT
Brasil experimenta, a partir del gobierno de Jair Bolsonaro, un notable debilitamiento de la institucionalidad en lo relativo a la implementación de una agenda hacia la sustentabilidad. Apuntando a identificar tendencias y rupturas, el presente trabajo explora cuatro ejes de la actual gobernanza ambiental brasileña, tomando como herramienta de análisis cuatro Objetivos del Desarrollo Sostenible (ODS): Género (ODS 5), Energía (ODS 7), Residuos Sólidos (ODS 12) y Vida Terrestre (ODS 15). El trabajo está estructurado como un ensayo crítico, subsidiado por la evaluación histórica de los indicadores asociados a los ODS analizados. Se concluye que hay un debilitamiento de la gobernanza ambiental, en lo que refiere a la importancia de una articulación multiactores y de la gobernanza participativa. Se verifica que existen fracturas a partir del 2019 en el nivel federal, con una discontinuidad en varias políticas importantes, pero en los niveles territoriales existen tendencias históricas que ya mostraban injusticias en el ámbito socioambiental, que luego se agravan dada la crisis de la pandemia del COVID-19. © All the contents of this journal, except where otherwise noted, is licensed under a Creative Commons Atribution License.
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The COVID-19 pandemic and particularly, mitigation measures taken by government institutions in Mexico, such as the closure of all schools at all levels of education, have brought strong regressive consequences in terms of both education and gender equality. In this paper, we start from a theoretical framework of gender and family to analyze, along with the negative repercussions of this measure (especially for women and children), an embodied experience of upbringing and community education in Mexico. This experience seeks to preserve educational and labor rights violated by school closures such as sociability, guardianship and custody of minors, the right to a life free of violence, work-life balance, among others. Our aim is to suggest some keys for an ecofeminist and community solution to the education crisis in this country. (English) [ FROM AUTHOR]
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The Covid-19 pandemic impacted the daily lives of higher education teachers differently. Through a survey of 140 professors from different universities in Mexico, it is observed that teaching work broke into their homes abruptly and without antecedents, which implied important modifications in the arrangement of times and spaces to comply with the academic, domestic and care tasks. Women reported greater complications to reconcile their daily activities, compared to men, which created more conflicts and negative consequences for their psychoemotional and physical health. (English) [ FROM AUTHOR]
ABSTRACT
Resumo A partir da experiência do projeto Respostas Indígenas à COVID-19 no Brasil: arranjos sociais e saúde global (PARI-c), na região do Alto Rio Negro (AM), buscamos refletir neste artigo sobre as possibilidades e implicações da produção colaborativa de conhecimento com pesquisadoras indígenas, levando em consideração a emergência sanitária, as imobilidades territoriais, as desigualdades sociais e as diferenças epistemológicas e de políticas ontológicas. A partir da ideia de Cestos de conhecimento, pensamos as formas e possibilidades dessa colaboração, à luz de discussões contemporâneas sobre processos de "descolonização" da saúde pública (global, planetária) e do conhecimento em saúde. A base empírica para este artigo é uma descrição da experiência metodológica, de produção de conhecimento, focada em duas faces: o campo e a escrita. Esse material nos permite tecer algumas considerações em torno da relevância e do sentido de formas de geração de "saberes híbridos", para lidar com contextos de crises globais ou sindemias. Estas formas, como veremos, atravessam o realinhamento das alianças e têm na escrita de mulheres um lugar especial de atenção.
Abstract From the experience of the project Indigenous Responses to COVID-19 in Brazil: social arrangements and global health (PARI-c), in the region of Alto Rio Negro (AM), we seek to reflect in this article on the possibilities and implications of collaborative knowledge production with indigenous researchers, taking into account the health emergency, territorial immobilities, social inequalities, and epistemological and ontological policy differences. From the idea of Baskets of knowledge, we think about the forms and possibilities of this collaboration, in the light of contemporary discussions on processes of "decolonization" of public health (global, planetary) and health knowledge. The empirical basis for this article is a description of the methodological experience of knowledge production, focused on two aspects: the field and writing. This material allows us to make some considerations around the relevance and meaning of ways of generating "hybrid knowledge", to deal with contexts of global crises or syndemics. These ways, as we shall see, cross the realignment of alliances and find a special focal point on women's writing.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Health of Indigenous Peoples , Community-Based Participatory Research , Gender Identity , COVID-19 , Anthropology , Anthropology, CulturalABSTRACT
ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze the relationship of perceived and feared discrimination with general health in LGBT+ people according to schooling level, gender identity and socioeconomic level. Method: a cross-sectional and correlational study was conducted. The sample consisted of 120 participants of legal age from the Maule region (Chile) who belonged to the LGBT+ community and answered an online survey due to the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. The survey also included an open question for the participants to share discrimination experiences regarding the treatment received from the Nursing personnel. The quantitative data were examined by means of descriptive and inferential analyses (means difference and correlation tests). The results extracted were analyzed following the thematic and discursive analysis techniques. Results: although perceived discrimination had low prevalence in the sample, 44.17%, 38.33% and 32.51% manifested fear of not being loved, of not finding a job and of being rejected by their family for being part of the LGBT+ community, respectively. Likewise, discrimination was higher in the group of trans people and was mainly reflected in unjustified dismissals, difficulties finding a job or ill-treatment in the provision of health services. Finally, it was found that the participants exposed to more discrimination also reported worse general health. Conclusions: discrimination is a problem that affects the LGBT+ community, particularly the trans collective. The severe implications of discrimination for people's health evidence the need to design strategies, policies and regulations aimed at fostering tolerance and integration.
RESUMO Objetivo: analisar a relação entre a discriminação percebida e temida e a saúde geral das pessoas LGBT+ de acordo com seu nível educacional, identidade de gênero e nível socioeconômico. Método: realizou-se um estudo transversal e correlacional. A amostra foi composta por 120 participantes adultos da região de Maule (Chile), pertencentes à comunidade LGBT+, que responderam a uma pesquisa virtual devido à pandemia de SARS CoV-2. A pesquisa também incluiu uma pergunta aberta que proporcionou um espaço para os participantes compartilharem experiências de discriminação em relação ao tratamento recebido da equipe de enfermagem. Os dados quantitativos foram examinados por meio de análises descritivas e inferenciais (testes de diferença de médias e correlações). As histórias extraídas foram analisadas segundo técnicas de análise temática e discursiva. Resultados: embora a discriminação percebida tenha uma baixa prevalência na amostra, 44,17% expressaram medo de não serem amados, 38,33% de não encontrar emprego e 32,51% de serem rejeitados pela família por fazerem parte da comunidade LGBT+. Da mesma forma, a discriminação foi maior no coletivo de pessoas trans e se refletiu principalmente em demissões injustificadas, dificuldades em encontrar emprego ou maus-tratos na prestação de serviços de saúde. Por fim, verificou-se que os participantes expostos a mais discriminação também relataram pior estado geral de saúde. Conclusões: a discriminação é um problema que afeta a comunidade LGBT+, principalmente o coletivo de pessoas trans. As graves implicações da discriminação para a saúde das pessoas evidenciam a necessidade de desenhar estratégias, políticas e regulamentações que visem promover a tolerância e a integração.
RESUMEN Objetivo: analizar la relación entre la discriminación percibida y temida, y la salud general de personas LGBT+ de acuerdo a su nivel educativo, identidad de género y nivel socio-económico. Método: se realizó un estudio transversal y correlacional. La muestra constó de 120 personas participantes mayores de edad de la región del Maule (Chile), pertenecientes a la comunidad LGBT+, que respondieron una encuesta de manera virtual debido a la pandemia por SARS CoV-2. La encuesta también incluyó una pregunta abierta que proporcionó un espacio para que las personas participantes compartieran experiencias de discriminación con respecto al trato recibido del personal de enfermería. Los datos cuantitativos se examinaron mediante análisis descriptivos e inferenciales (pruebas de diferencia de medias y correlaciones). Los relatos extraídos se analizaron siguiendo técnicas de análisis temático y discursivo. Resultados: si bien la discriminación percibida tuvo una prevalencia baja en la muestra, un 44,17% expresó temor a no ser querido, 38,33% a no encontrar trabajo, y 32,51% a ser rechazado por su familia por ser parte de la comunidad LGBT+. Asimismo, la discriminación fue mayor en el grupo de personas trans y se reflejó principalmente en despidos injustificados, dificultades para encontrar empleo o maltratos en la provisión de servicios de salud. Finalmente, se encontró que las personas participantes expuestas a mayor discriminación también reportaron una peor salud general. Conclusiones: la discriminación es un problema que afecta a la comunidad LGBT+, particularmente al colectivo trans. Las serias implicaciones de la discriminación para la salud de las personas ponen de manifiesto la necesidad de diseñar estrategias, políticas y reglamentaciones tendientes a fomentar la tolerancia y la integración.
ABSTRACT
Brazil has experienced a notable weakening of its institutional framework related to the implementation of an agenda for sustainability since the Jair Bolsonaro Administration. Aiming to identify trends and ruptures, this paper explores four axes of current Brazilian environmental governance, taking four Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) as an analysis tool: Gender (SDG 5), Energy (SDG 7), Solid Waste (SDG 12), and Life on Land (SDG 15). The study is structured as a critical essay, supported by the historical evolution of the indicators associated with the analyzed SDGs. It is concluded that there has been a weakening of environmental governance, within an understanding of the importance of a multi-stakeholder articulation and participatory governance. It is verified that there cracks have developed since 2019 at the federal level, with a discontinuity in a number of key policies, while at the territorial levels, there are historical trends that already showed injustices in the social and environmental scope, which have been aggravated in the face of the COVID-19 crisis.Alternate : O Brasil experimenta um notável enfraquecimento da institucionalidade relativa à implementação de uma agenda para a sustentabilidade, a partir do governo de Jair Bolsonaro. Visando identificar tendências e rupturas, o presente trabalho explora quatro eixos da atual governança ambiental brasileira, tomando quatro Objetivos do Desenvolvimento Sustentável (ODS) como ferramenta de análise: Gênero (ODS 5), Energia (ODS 7), Resíduos Sólidos (ODS 12) e Vida Terrestre (ODS 15). O trabalho está estruturado como um ensaio crítico, subsidiado pela evolução histórica dos indicadores associados aos ODS analisados. Conclui-se que há um enfraquecimento da governança ambiental, dentro de um entendimento da importância de uma articulação multi-atores e de governança participativa. Verificam-se que existem fissuras a partir de 2019 no nível federal, com uma descontinuidade em várias políticas importantes, mas nos níveis territoriais existem tendências históricas que já mostravam injustiças no âmbito socioambiental, que se agravam diante da crise da COVID-19.Alternate : Brasil experimenta, a partir del gobierno de Jair Bolsonaro, un notable debilitamiento de la institucionalidad en lo relativo a la implementación de una agenda hacia la sustentabilidad. Apuntando a identificar tendencias y rupturas, el presente trabajo explora cuatro ejes de la actual gobernanza ambiental brasileña, tomando como herramienta de análisis cuatro Objetivos del Desarrollo Sostenible (ODS): Género (ODS 5), Energía (ODS 7), Residuos Sólidos (ODS 12) y Vida Terrestre (ODS 15). El trabajo está estructurado como un ensayo crítico, subsidiado por la evaluación histórica de los indicadores asociados a los ODS analizados. Se concluye que hay un debilitamiento de la gobernanza ambiental, en lo que refiere a la importancia de una articulación multiactores y de la gobernanza participativa. Se verifica que existen fracturas a partir del 2019 en el nivel federal, con una discontinuidad en varias políticas importantes, pero en los niveles territoriales existen tendencias históricas que ya mostraban injusticias en el ámbito socioambiental, que luego se agravan dada la crisis de la pandemia del COVID-19.